Proposed Video element auditory content has captions
Description
This rule checks that captions are available for audio information in non-streaming video
elements.
Applicability
This rule applies to every non-streaming video
element that is visible where the video contains audio that is not only silence.
Expectation
For each test target, audio information that is not conveyed visually in the video, is available through captions.
Note: Captions can be either embedded in the video file itself or can be made available trough a separate track.
Assumptions
This rule assumes that the video element is used to play a video (for example, not only used to display an image), and that there is a mechanism to start the video.
Accessibility Support
There are no accessibility support issues known.
Background
Bibliography
- Understanding Success Criterion 1.2.2: Captions (Prerecorded)
- G93: Providing open (always visible) captions
- G87: Providing closed captions
- H95: Using the track element to provide captions
Accessibility Requirements Mapping
G87: Providing closed captions
- Learn more about technique G87
- Not required for conformance to any W3C accessibility recommendation.
- Outcome mapping:
- Any
failed
outcomes: technique is not satisfied - All
passed
outcomes: technique needs further testing - An
inapplicable
outcome: technique needs further testing
- Any
G93: Providing open (always visible) captions
- Learn more about technique G93
- Not required for conformance to any W3C accessibility recommendation.
- Outcome mapping:
- Any
failed
outcomes: technique is not satisfied - All
passed
outcomes: technique needs further testing - An
inapplicable
outcome: technique needs further testing
- Any
H95: Using the track element to provide captions
- Learn more about technique H95
- Not required for conformance to any W3C accessibility recommendation.
- Outcome mapping:
- Any
failed
outcomes: technique is not satisfied - All
passed
outcomes: technique needs further testing - An
inapplicable
outcome: technique needs further testing
- Any
Input Aspects
The following aspects are required in using this rule.
- DOM Tree
- CSS Styling
- Audio output (no link available)
- Visual output (no link available)
Test Cases
Passed
Passed Example 1
A video element that has open captions for all of the audio content.
<video src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-video-with-captions.mp4" controls></video>
Passed Example 2
A video element with an associated track element that contains captions for all of the audio content.
<video src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-video.mp4" controls>
<track src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-caption.vtt" kind="captions" />
</video>
Failed
Failed Example 1
A video element without any form of captions.
<video src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-video.mp4" controls></video>
Failed Example 2
A video element with an associated track element that contains incorrect captions. Specifically, the captions flip the role of the mouse and computer by saying, “Not being able to use your mouse because your computer doesn’t work is frustrating.”
<video src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-video.mp4" controls>
<track src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-incorrect-caption.vtt" kind="captions" />
</video>
Failed Example 3
A video element with text on the same page that describes the audio in the video.
<p>
The video below shows a man working on a keyboard. A voiceover is heard saying the following text: Web accessibility
perspectives. Keyboard compatibility. Not being able to use your computer because your mouse doesn't work, is
frustrating. Many people use only the keyboard to navigate websites. Either through preference or circumstance.
</p>
<video src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-video.mp4" controls></video>
Failed Example 4
A video element with an explicitly associated text on the same page that describes the audio in the video.
<p id="text">
The video below shows a man working on a keyboard. A voiceover is heard saying the following text: Web accessibility
perspectives. Keyboard compatibility. Not being able to use your computer because your mouse doesn't work, is
frustrating. Many people use only the keyboard to navigate websites. Either through preference or circumstance.
</p>
<video src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-video.mp4" controls ariadescribedby="text"></video>
Inapplicable
Inapplicable Example 1
A video element without audio.
<video src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-video-silent.mp4" controls></video>
Inapplicable Example 2
A video element that is not visible.
<video src="/test-assets/perspective-video/perspective-video.mp4" controls style="display: none;"></video>
Glossary
Audio output
This test aspect includes all auditory data output from the web page into an audio channel.
Non-streaming media element
A non-streaming media element is an HTML Media Element for which the duration
property is not 0.
Outcome
An outcome is a conclusion that comes from evaluating an ACT Rule on a test subject or one of its constituent test target. An outcome can be one of the three following types:
- Inapplicable: No part of the test subject matches the applicability
- Passed: A test target meets all expectations
- Failed: A test target does not meet all expectations
Note: A rule has one passed
or failed
outcome for every test target. When there are no test targets the rule has one inapplicable
outcome. This means that each test subject will have one or more outcomes.
Note: Implementations using the EARL10-Schema can express the outcome with the outcome property. In addition to passed
, failed
and inapplicable
, EARL 1.0 also defined an incomplete
outcome. While this cannot be the outcome of an ACT Rule when applied in its entirety, it often happens that rules are only partially evaluated. For example, when applicability was automated, but the expectations have to be evaluated manually. Such “interim” results can be expressed with the incomplete
outcome.
Visible
Content perceivable through sight.
Content is considered visible if making it fully transparent would result in a difference in the pixels rendered for any part of the document that is currently within the viewport or can be brought into the viewport via scrolling.
For more details, see examples of visible.
Rule Versions
This is the first version of this ACT rule.
Implementations
This section is not part of the official rule. It is populated dynamically and not accounted for in the change history or the last modified date.